Bauzeitung für Württemberg: Wochenschrift für Architektur und das gesamt Baugewerbe: Bauzeitung für Württemberg, Baden, Hessen, Elsaß-Lothringen

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Zeitschrift

Persistenter Identifier:: 1499766280559

Titel:: Bauzeitung für Württemberg: Wochenschrift für Architektur und das gesamt Baugewerbe

Erscheinungsort:: Stuttgart

Weitere Titel:: Württembergische Bauzeitung: Wochenschrift für Architektur und das gesamt Baugewerbe; Württ[em]b[ergische] Baubeamten-Zeitung

Signatur:: verschiedene Signaturen

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften

Lizenz:: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Band

Persistenter Identifier:: 1499766280559_1906

Titel:: Bauzeitung für Württemberg, Baden, Hessen, Elsaß-Lothringen

Weitere Titel:: Organ des Stuttgarter Architektenklubs, des Baugewerkevereins Stuttgarts und des Württ. Baubeamtenbereins

Jahrgang/Band:: 1906

Verleger/Verlag:: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt

Erscheinungsort:: Stuttgart

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1906

Sprache:: deutsch

Strukturtyp:: Band

Standort:: Universitätsbibliothek Stuttgart

Signatur:: XIX/1085.4-3,1906

Lizenz:: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/deed.de

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften

Ausgabe

Titel:: Dritter Jahrgang. No. 28.

Strukturtyp:: Ausgabe

n Sn Sa) The Late Dr. James Young. 245 NOTICES OF BOOKS. + artificial petroleum by the regulated distillation of certain carboniferous shales. In this attempt he succeeded, the chief produéts of the process being the well-known oaraffin oil, and the almost equally celebrated solid paraffin, or “paraffin wax.” By thése inventions the cost price of light in all places where gas is not available vas greatly reduced. It was even found that for many purposes a well-trimmed paraffin lamp was superior to gas, as burning more steadily and giving off no sulphurous acid. Fortunately, whilst largely benefitting his country and - the world at large, Mr. Young. unlike certain meritorious inventors, reaped a well merited reward for 1s skill and perseverance. The competition of the American native petroleum of course tended to reduce "he value of paraffin oil. But if the oil wells of Pennsyl- vania, as many believe, have seen their most produ&ive lays, the distillation of oil shales has an immense future n prospect. We cannot help here noticing that certain attempts have been made to depreciate Young's merits by nsinuating that the principles of his patented process were previously known. But if known they were dormant, Young alone gave them practical life and utility, and created a novel and a most important industry, In carry- ing out his operations at Bathgate, he was associated with Mr. Meldrum, formerly of Alfreton, and Mr. Binney, E.R.S., of Manchester, the eminent geologist.- One of his earliest materials was the famous ‘¢ Torbanehill mineral,” which involved him in a tedious and complicated lawsuit, He had acquired a lease of coal underlying certain lands, and under that lease was working the mineral in question. The lessors of the land contended that the Torbanehill mineral was not coal, and brought an action to.restrain him from working it. Almost all the foremost chemists and geologists of the day were called to decide the question, and contradicted each other. in an unedifying manner, The case was ultimately com- promised as incapable of decision. But the general opinion now is that scientific evidence was here out of place. The mineral at issue was capable of subserving the uses to which coal is commonly put, and might, there- fore, justly be regarded as coal from a business point of view. Mr. Young ere@ted another and larger manufac- turing establishment at Addiewell, and continued the business at both until it was ultimately turned over to the arge limited liability company by which it is still con- ducted. Mr. Young has been no less distinguished for his public spirit and munificence than for his eminence as a technical chemist. He founded some years ago at the Anderson Institute, now known as the Anderson College, a Chair of Industrial Chemistry, and endowed it with fifteen thousand guineas. He caused a bronze statue to be cast of his early friend and patron, Thomas Graham, and presented it to his native city, where it now forms one of the chief ornaments of St. George's Square. At his own expense and in collaboration with Dr. Angus Smith, Mr. Young colleéted together into one large hand- somely-printed volume of over 650 pages all Graham's memoirs, and presented copies to the friends of Graham and to chemists in various parts of the world. When working in ‘Graham’s laboratory, he formed the acquaintance of David Livingstone, who was then em- ployed during the day at a cotton mill. The friendship which sprung up between them was terminated only by death. Young had even sent out an expedition to relieve and rescue the great African traveller, but the news of his death caused its return without having accomplished anything, . . It will not, we hope, be considered impertinent if we suggest that some public honour should be done to the memory of a man who has deserved so well of Science, of his country, and of the world. Materia Medica : a Manual for Students, By ISAMBARD OWEN, M.D. London: J. and A. Churchill. THe author, in his Preface, does not claim for his book the rank of an.original or complete treatise on Materia Medica. He intends it rather as a supplement to than as a substitute for the systematic work, and seeks “to aid students by placing the outlines of the subject before them in such a manner that they may be clearly grasped and readily committed to memory.” "It is of course highly de- sirable that the student should * clearly grasp ”—is there not here a slight confusion of metaphor ?—the principles of his subje®. But committing to memory savours some- what of cram. The work, however, possesses the valuable properties of clearness and brevity in an eminent degree. Some ingenu- ity would be required to find a superfluous word, and a still higher amount to misinterpret the descriptions and in- stru&ions given. Under the carbo-hydrates we notice the statement that beet-sugar is precisely the same compound as cane-sugar, —a view which is becoming more and more questionable, Bees, at least, can perceive a difference. Logwood is stated to be a native of the East and West Indies. We most strongly doubt the former locality, and in the latter it seems to have been introduced from Central America. Otherwise, we see nothing in the book to which reason- able exception may be taken, and think that it is well adapted to the end in view. THE LATE DR. JAMES YOUNG. Tne death of this distinguished industrial chemist has excited a regret by no means confined to scientific circles. Dr. James Young was born in Drygate, Glasgow, in 1811. His elementary education was received at a parochial school in the neighbourhood. We next - find him assisting his father in his business as a carpenter. But an inbred scientific instin& led him to attend the evening lectures on chemistry delivered at the Andersonian Institution by Thomas Graham, F.R.S., afterwards Master of the Mint. His abilities and his enthusiasm for science attradted the notice of Professor Graham, who, in 1832, gave him the position of assistant in his laboratory, first in Glasgow and afterwards at University College, London. This position he filled with credit to himself and satis- faction to his employer until1839. He was next appointed manager at the extensive alkali works of Messrs. Mus- pratt, at Newton in the Willows, Lancashire. His managership was, as we happen to know, eminently suc- cessful, not merely as regards the quantity and quality of the product,.but in the difficult task of avoiding nuisance and injury to neighbouring estates. In 1843, his. connec tion with the Muspratts terminated, and he occupied a similar position at the chemical works of Messrs. Tennant, at Manchester. Here he greatly extended his experience, and here he devised an original and elegant process for the manufacture of stannate'of soda. Instead of taking metallic tin as his starting-point, he fluxed the ore with soda, thus saving a number of expensive manipulations, Whilst at Manchester he formed the acquaintance of Dr., now Sir Lyon Playfair, at that time Professor of Chemistry in the Royal Institution of that city. By him Young's attention was drawn to a spring of petroleum which had been discovered in Derbyshire. He at once undertook the utilisation of this new produ, and obtained from it both an illuminating oil and a lubricant, When the oil-well ceased flowing, Young undertook the task of obtaining an OBITUARY. The Transmission of Sound by Gases.—M. Neyre- 1euf.—The author finds that the law of Hawksbee is not axact.—Conihtes Rendne

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fullscreen: Chemical news and Journal of physical science (Volume 47, 1883 (January - June))

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