Mitteilungen des Instituts für Leichte Flächentragwerke (Il), Universität Stuttgart = Information of the Institute for Lightweight Structures (Il), University of Stuttgart / Universität Stuttgart: Pneus in Natur und Technik = Pneus in Nature and Technics

Institut für Leichte Flächentragwerke; Sonderforschungsbereich Weitgespannte Flächentragwerke

Pneus in Natur und Technik = Pneus in Nature and Technics (IL9, 1977)

Bibliografische Daten

Mehrbändiges Werk

Persistenter Identifier:: 1693555504835

Titel:: Mitteilungen des Instituts für Leichte Flächentragwerke (Il), Universität Stuttgart = Information of the Institute for Lightweight Structures (Il), University of Stuttgart / Universität Stuttgart

Weitere Titel:: IL

Verleger/Verlag:: Freunde und Förderer der Leichtbauforschung e. V., Institut für Leichte Flächentragwerke

Erscheinungsort:: Stuttgart

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1969-1995

Sprache:: deutsch

Standort:: Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Leichtbau Entwerfen und Konstruieren

Strukturtyp:: Mehrbändiges Werk

Lizenz:: https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/content/lizenzen/rv-fz/

Band

Persistenter Identifier:: 1693555504835_IL09

DOI:

Titel:: Pneus in Natur und Technik = Pneus in Nature and Technics

Weitere Titel:: [Kolloquium Pneus, 3. Interdisziplinäres Kolloquium der Reihe "Biologie und Bauen am 23. u. 24. Februar 1973 am Inst. für Leichte Flächentragwerke (IL), Univ. Stuttgart] = Pneus in nature and technics; IL

Herausgeber:: Institut für Leichte Flächentragwerke; Sonderforschungsbereich Weitgespannte Flächentragwerke

Jahrgang/Band:: IL9, 1977

Verleger/Verlag:: Institut für leichte Flächentragwerke (IL), Stuttgart / Karl Krämer Verlag, Stuttgart/Bern / Wittenborn & Company, New York

Erscheinungsort:: Stuttgart

Erscheinungsjahr:: 28. September 1977

Umfang:: 333 Seiten

Sprache:: deutsch; englisch

ISBN:: 3-7828-2009-6

Strukturtyp:: Band

Standort:: Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Leichtbau Entwerfen und Konstruieren

Lizenz:: https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/content/lizenzen/rv-fz/

Sammlung:: Bibliothek

Kapitel

Titel:: Open questions

Strukturtyp:: Kapitel

OPEN QUESTIONS Unsolved problems of pneumatic structures in biology. A compilation of conceivable subjects of research. Status September 1977. Under the guideline ’How to proceed further ?’, the Institute of Lightweight Structures (IL) is collecting unsolved tasks of science, technics and art for research and instruction. These are subjects relating in one way or another to the scope of work of IL, Sonderforschungsbereich 64 and biology. Most subjects have not been investigated up to date. For some of them, IL has already compiled documentation : these are marked (IL) in the catalogue The purpose of this selection is to inspire their solution by the most varying kinds of specialists. If desired, IL will assist in such work. We however request you to inform us of planned research work, just as IL always informs on its research planning. Task compilations of additional fields of subjects are planned and will be published in subsequent IL issues and IL-INFOs. The task formulation is very unprecise in some cases and still superficial. We kindly request all readers to submit proposals for improvement. That section of the task compilation which is published herein exclusively deals with open questions of the subject cbmplex of "pneus in living nature”. This also includes pneus of non-living nature, e.g. microspheres which are important for the development of the world of forms of living nature. Technical pneus, such as air- supported halls, tubes, containers or sails, have not been dealt with herein. At the end of every individual question, disciplines (marked D) were proposed which may be able to contri- bute solutions individually or jointly: ANTHROpology HYDroMECHanics ARCHitecture INFOmatics BOTany LIGHTweight Constr. CHEMistry MATerials Testing CINEmatography MECHanics CYTOlogy MEDical Science DYNamics METeorology ECOlogy MODel Testing EMBRY Ology PALAEOntology ENGineering PHIiLosophy ETHOlogy PHYSics FINE Arts PSYCHology GENetics SOCIOlogy GEOdesy ZOOlogy HYDroDY Namics Please send your letters to IL, attention Mr. Jürgen Hennicke who supervises the overall catalogue of tasks. ABNORMALITY: Investigation of abnormalities of »ological pneus and their genetic or environmental causes for plants, animals and man. Consequences of abnormalities of biological pneus for behaviour, evolution and selection. > Behaviour, esthetics, world of forms. D: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Eco, Etho, Fine, Gen Psych, Zoo. ACOUSTICS: Generation, amplification and absorp- tion of sound by biological pneus, e.g. sound bladder of frogs, tensioned sound membranes. > Loading, vibration. D: Anthro, Bot, Eng, Phys, Zoo. ALTERATION: The influence and alteration of the appearances of biological pneus by man, e.g. by sreeding plants and animals, agriculture, destruction >f environment. Relationship between formal alteration. rreeding and selection. Influences on human and inimal behaviour. > Art, behaviour, esthetics, selec- ion, world of forms. D: Arch, Bot, Etho, Fine, Gen, Psych, Zoo. ANIMAL: Classification and arrangement of the pneu- matic structural systems and members in zoology, alteration processes of initially pneumatic systems by stiffening or hardening. (IL). > Calculation, form generation, growth, material, surveying, world of “orms. D: Arch, Chem, Eng, Geod, Light, Mat, Mod. Zoo. ANIMAL, stiffened: The forms of pneumatic animal sodies prior to and after stiffening, intermediate stages “orm deformations and alterations of the load-bearing vehaviour as a result of stiffening. Chemical and ohysical processes. > Chemistry, form generation, load material, world of forms. D: Arch, Eng, Geod, Mat, 700. ANIMAL STRUCTURES: The employment of pneumatic ‘tructural members and systems in animal structures, 2.g. Laying of eggs, cocoons, nests. The influence of the animal body form on the animal structure form. IL). > Animal, function, material, structural system, world of forms. D: Arch, Etho, Eng, Zoo. ART: Artistic aspects of the pictorial representation of siological pneus (Heckel et alii) and their utilisation 35 an artistic means of expression in painting, graphics, slastics and advertising. Alteration of the forms of siological pneus in artistic presentation. > Alteration, sehavior, cinematography, esthetics, photography. D: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Cyto, Etho, Psych, Zoo. 3EHAVIOUR, animal: The effect of biological pneus as a function of form, form deformations and colour on the behaviour of animals and vice versa, e.g. impressing attitude, mimicry, sexual behaviour. > Alteration, perception, selection, signal, world of forms. D: Arch, Etho. BEHAVIOUR, man: The sensation and behaviour of nan when observing biological pneus. Quality of axperiencing forms of the macro and micro ranges and interiors of man, animal and plant not yet viewed sefore. Questions of dimension, standard of values, 1ction and reaction, form and colour. > Esthetics, serception, sexual signal, signal, taboo, world of ‘orms. D: Anthro, Arch, Etho, Fine, Phil, Psych, Soci. 3IC: Experimental determination of BIC values of bio -~ ogical pneus, determination of material expenditure and load-bearing capacity, e.g. under bursting pressure ndividual loads, uniformly distributed external loads. Comparison to technical structures. (IL). > Expenditure material, structural member, structural system. D: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Eng, Mat, Zoo. BUDDING: Pneumatic actions and mechanisms during the unfolding of buds into flowers and leaves. (IL) . > Motion, plant. D: Bot, Cyto, Eng, Phys. BUDDING, micro-shelf: Experimental investigations ‘or the artificial creation of buddings of micro-shells, 2.g. by increasing the intemal pressure etc. > Micro- shell, water pneu, world of forms. D: Chem, Cyto, Eng, Mod, Phys. BURSTING PRESSURE: Bursting pressure investigations of biological pneus in the macro and micro range, e.g axternal skins (epidermis) and internal skins of animals and plants (cells, intestines, bladders). Tensioning and 2longation at different loads, until the bursting pressure is reached. > Calculation, load, model testing, iurveying. D: Bot, Cyto, Eng, Mat, Mod, Zoo. CALCULATION: Development of methods for calculatine stresses and their distribution, as well as deformations of biological pneus under different loads, e.g. intemal oressure, external pressure, extemal stresses. Variation range and critical values of loadability . Compilation of existing calculation methods under the viewpoint of applicability to biological pneus. > Bursting pressure ‘oad, surveying, tension testing. D: Eng, Geod, Mat, Mod . CELL: Consideration of the biological cell and its in- dividual elements as a pneuamtic system, form and load-bearing behaviour, classification and arrangement of the various types under pneumatic aspects, for plants, animals and man. (IL). > Cell association, cell division form generation, structural system, world of forms. J: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Cyto, Gen, Zoo. CELL, load-bearing behaviour: Investigation of the change in the form of cells and cell associations under varying stresses, e.g. intemal or external pressure, in particular the processes during cell division and sell fusion. Analysis of the stresses and stress variations 'n the cell membrane. > Calculation, cell division, oads, structural member, structural system, world of ‘orms. D: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Cyto, Chem, Eng, Geod Light, Phys, Zoo. ZELL ASSOCIATION: Classification and arrangement »f cellfiiled biological pneus, forms and load-bearing sehaviour, functions, for plants, animals and man. Zell associations and cell colonies. > Cell, cell division, foam, structural member, structural system, world of forms. D: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Cyto, Eng, Seod, Zoo. CELL ASSOCIATION, load-bearing behaviour: Form and design of the link between individual cells, develop- nent and strength, dissolving capability, form deformatior snder intemal or extemal stresses. Permeability, types, ‘or plants, animals and man. > Cell, cell division, structural member. D: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Chem, Cyto. fng, Geod, Light, Phys, Zoo. CELL DIVSION: The types and speeds of form defor- nations during cell divsion and cell fusion as a function of membrane stresses, intemal pressure, external pressure chemical influences. Determination of critical min. nd max. values, possibilities of influencing from out- side. (IL). > Cell, cell association, load, structural system. D: Anthro, Bot, Cyto, Eng, Gen, Zoo. CHEMISTRY: Chemica! influences on forms, pressures, .oad-bearing capacity of biological pneus. Particulari- ties of various development stages. Chemical processes within biological pneus, couses and effects. > Animal "orm generation, man, medium, plant, water pneu, world of forms. D: Anthro, Bot, Cyto, Geod, Eng, Phys, Zoo. ZINEMATOGRAPHY: Shooting of films (slow-motion 1ormal, time-lapse, high-speed) and photos for itudies of form deformations and motional actions of siological pneus, selection of particularly significan: axamples. Several intemal pressures or extemal sressures, different extemal and internal loads and types of stress. > Motion, photography, surveying, world of forms. D: Anthro, Bot, Cyto, Eng, Fine, Seod, Med, Zoo. ZOLOUR: The colour of biological pneus, relationships setween colour and form, dependencies and combinations influences on human and animal behaviour. > Alteration, asthetics, world of forms. D: Arch, Etho, Photo, Psych. ZOMPRESSION REINFORCEMENT: The initially soft zell as the forming element during hardening or stiffening »f cell associations, intemally and externally. (IL). > Chemistry, cell, foam, form generation. D: Cyto, Eng Gen, Geod. CONDUCTING SYSTEM: Pneumatic conducting systems of plants, animal and man. Classification and arrangemer of the species and functions. (IL). > Flow, motion, tube system. D: Anthro, Bot, Eng, Info, Phys, Zoo. CONTAINER: Investigation of pneumatically acting or aneumatically formed containers of plants, animals and nan. Classification and arrangement of the various <inds and forms, of the different functions and parti- sularities. Compilation of strengths and materials. ‘IL). Function, structural member, structural system J: Anthro, Arch, Bot, Eng, Geod, Mat, Zoo. ZONTROL: > Motion, perception. CRUSTACEA: Investigation of pneumatically generated or influenced forms of crustaceae. Growth processes. IL}. > Compression reinforcement, growth, material, urveying, world of forms. D: Arch, Eng, Geod, Mat. 700. I)

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